https://www.patrickhunt.us/home-stella daily 1.0 2025-05-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566229512886-0Z7HMVGQTBT72RPVWWWA/Pale+Blue.png Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566418371574-H4B13GWQIT8G1D6XYX37/micheile-henderson-VWpOwhCzPuE-unsplash.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566419617375-RG69OX23ABCY7RWY3MVW/Pale%252BBlue.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566418681753-07AI2GI0E2TSFVXQEWJW/IMG_3254.jpg Home - Archaeology illuminates the past so that we can better understand the present and future. As an archaeologist and scientist, I aim to uncover new facts about our human past, using apropos combinations of disciplines such as History, Geography, Materials, Literature, Linguistics and Science with forensic analyses and remote sensing methodologies. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566150828399-Y49IYJ8FN9B8MIHGGEKA/clapier.jpg Home - Hannibal’s Crossing of the Alps in 218 BCE and Using Nature as a Weapon in His Battles In the Second Punic War, Hannibal did the unthinkable - he defied the odds and crossed over the Alps with his army and elephants and took the Roman Army by surprise. I have spent more than 30 years excavating, researching via source texts, and on foot examining Hannibal’s invasion of Italy. The primary research sponsor has been National Geographic Society. My book Hannibal (Simon and Schuster, 2017) covers some of this research following prior research articles. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566236391066-81JZ3JAMMTKS94XD8UQD/image-asset.jpeg Home - “Ötzi” the Iceman The preserved body of “Ötzi” from 5,300 years ago was discovered in 1991 at the Similaun-Tisjoch summit of the Otzal Alps. My research focuses on the preservation of organic material in Alpine climates, and in particular the tools and plant materials Ötzi was carrying for survival, food and medicine.This includes sloe berries (Prunus spinosa), a superfood with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as a metabolic stimulant. https://www.patrickhunt.us/research daily 0.75 2021-08-31 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624839233536-0II5IP40G5ASGRVOA6VU/Athena%27s+OLIVE.jpg Research https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624853367437-0Q28I2HWMFDVV3GNFQ6K/Dioscorides+DMM.jpg Research Dioscorides’ DE MATERIA MEDICA facsimile copy in Bodleian Library, Oxford, 2017. As a Research Associate at the Institute for EthnoMedicine in Archaeoethnobotany, my research specializes on ancient plant texts from the Classical and Pre-Classical World - including the late Neolithic alpine “Otzi the Iceman” where we have no texts - as well as nearly five thousand years of Egyptian texts and the pharmacology treatises of Theophrastus and Dioscorides, among others, and their botanical legacies. Some of this is a focus of my Stanford CSP course “Medicine in the Ancient World” taught approximately every two years. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624930628483-NC6ZKK9XNRB3JF9EL4WM/Blackthorn.jpg Research - Make it stand out Blackthorn berries (Prunus spinosa) were found in “Otzi the Iceman” Alpine summit contexts from 5,300 years ago; one berry was found in his intestinal tract and another beside his body. Blackthorn is a known superfood with metabolic stimulation properties as well as being anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, high in Vitamin C, effective against high altitude vertigo and eczema, the latter two conditions being byproducts of Lyme Disease from which Otzi suffered. The berries had to have been harvested in the previous year and then dried. Because they were multiply effective against many ailments, this carrying and eating must have been deliberate (Image from 2020). Some of this is recently published in Electrum Magazine and expanded in a forthcoming book on” Otzi the Iceman”. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624853213370-35BZ02UA3NRWGJKTTW7P/Napa+Valley.jpg Research Viticulture in Napa Valley between Napa and Yountville, 2020. The long history of viticulture across many continents begins in the Caucasus and Anatolia and reaches to nearly every continent. The brief several hundred years of wine history of California in particular build on the long established viticulture of the Greeks and Romans in Old World Europe and before that stretching back to the Neolithic Era at least seven thousand years ago. The antecedents to California are selectively published in my book Wine Journeys: Myth and History and also taught in my annual Stanford CSP “History of Wine” course where California viticulture is also studied. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624933680542-NECKX7LNKAGTMYY9MI92/Charlemagne%27s+Throne.jpg Research - Make it stand out This opus sectile floor surrounds Charlemagne’s Throne in Aachen Cathedral (Kaiserdom); it is derived from original Roman “marble” (marmor) although not necessarily geological marble. Almost the exact same stones (Imperial porphyry from Egypt, Giallo Numidiana from Carthage, Docimian pavonazetta from Asia Minor, Lapis Lacadaemonis from Greece, and Granito Bigio) are found on the second century CE Pantheon floor in Rome and express a form of imperium (a statement of imperial power), which Charlemagne’s Throne also expresses in his function as “Holy Roman Emperor” around 800 CE to which this floor roughly dates. This photo is an example of my published stone provenance research in archaeological science (Photo from 2019). Some of this is also recently published in my book Archaeology and the Bible where imperial propaganda becomes a form of perceived reality. https://www.patrickhunt.us/books daily 0.75 2025-05-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566236678568-LJZRI1TALIX2KGQ48H4S/Hannibalcover.jpg Books https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566236974660-IQP0OCUFJD6VS9Q2S0DJ/10Discoveries.jpg Books https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624981385409-D30JHDNEEW6BNMD0LV40/Pascal+and+Voltaire.jpg Books - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624981889034-9JVZPRH846YJNRB0O3Q0/Caravaggio.jpg Books - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624982095925-0CRK73S3OYOMNAX5IPV7/A+Few+Hundred+Thoughts.jpg Books - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624982288806-HI6J9JTLNYVSDJTB32GE/Hunt+Arc+Bib.jpg Books - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624982717672-O38GLNMYGMQ63OQ04L2X/Olympian+Visions+cover.jpg Books - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624986117584-K0675MVHUJEKPA1SO5KB/Dante+Inferno+Salem.png Books - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624987813498-NHZGDUFDNNY4LNGQH0F8/Alpine+Archaeology.png Books - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.patrickhunt.us/expeditions daily 0.75 2025-05-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1626283171353-HMELRWRXQ2LU64WNNLBF/Aosta+Roman+Theater.jpg Expeditions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1566238953698-X4F83SHEAEATBXM73MNA/FullSizeRender.jpg Expeditions https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624988847632-2DSYVB65Y34BNYMHIJIH/Norway+-+Hunt+photo+2018.jpg Expeditions - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.patrickhunt.us/about daily 0.75 2026-03-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1621293186476-76EOVL3ONP1CPT2SVBCV/P.+Hunt+2019+Alps+copy.jpg About Patrick Hunt in the Swiss Alps near Furi above Zermatt, Autumn, 2019, as a National Geographic Explorer (click below on National Geographic Explorer link) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/a3cd4829-4537-42f3-9540-aec1b2768103/Unknown.jpg About - Make it stand out https://explorers.nationalgeographic.org/directory/patrick-n-hunt https://www.patrickhunt.us/events-and-lectures daily 0.75 2025-05-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1626071615689-FXPW2GWWQV74NOCQYOB0/Patrick+Hunt+Science+Channel+What+on+Earth.jpg Events & Lectures - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1626070204998-5D4M4AG6JCGZTUI6ESJK/ArchaeoConPoster2021.jpg Events & Lectures - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1626136247806-R7W4EKEGUG10XUNK5BA6/AIA+Patrick+Hunt+ArchAbridged+Fall+2020.jpg Events & Lectures - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1626071248087-BTY2G8LZ4T8VIY6B9CPZ/LMU+Provenance+11%3A20.jpg Events & Lectures - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1626072086695-IW6L19NURCYFM04XWENZ/PBAIF+2019.jpg Events & Lectures - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1626071574917-85520GVXJQO3GB258Z6U/PHunt+EC++NYC+2018.jpg Events & Lectures - Make it stand out Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference. https://www.patrickhunt.us/new-page daily 0.75 2021-07-12 https://www.patrickhunt.us/courses daily 0.75 2025-06-02 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/f367975a-8da9-4209-b9e1-c36b2e562478/St.+Michael+Phulax%2C+Protector+of+Constantinople%2C+ca.+12th+c..png Courses - Make it stand out Constantinople’s Protector, St. Michael Phulax Archangel, ca. 12th c. now St. Mark’s, Venice https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/955645f8-054e-40d8-b561-d04ae0dc40f6/October+%28Louvre%29+-+Tr%C3%A8s+Riches+Heures+du+Duc+de+Berry.png Courses - Make it stand out Calendar Month of October, Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry, ca. 1412 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/d6850ad2-8f54-4a3f-b823-4fdfc30edb35/Hannibal+at+Cannae+1704+S%C3%A9bastien+Slodtz%2C+Louvre%2C+P.+Hunt+photo+2025.jpeg Courses - Make it stand out Hannibal at Cannae, 1704 Sébastien Slodtz, Louvre (P. Hunt photo 2025) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1630371110550-EK5IDHHJI1HA5SH7J8T2/IMG_4278.jpg Courses - Make it stand out Datable long-term lichen (Geographicum sp.) along a schist rock-cut Roman road at 8000 ft in the Alps; this lichen normally grows at a rate of .01-.02 mm per year over the long-term. Lichenometry is a relative dating mechanism in archaeological science. (Photo P. Hunt 2016) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/98e1a96b-d156-41a8-8e3e-290b02faf5a7/Maya+Hieroglyphs++Yaxchilan+Lintel+16.png Courses - Make it stand out Maya Hieroglyph, Yaxchilan Lintel 16, 709 CE (courtesy of British Museum) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624997766552-EFMSVH8487A9NST2UPIZ/Chateau+Clos+de+Vougeot+2019.jpg Courses - Make it stand out Chateau du Clos de Vougeot, Bourgogne (Photo P. Hunt, 2019) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1625001361398-49AY7YWIM7UWMDWDEEGI/Pont+du+Gard+2015.jpg Courses - Make it stand out Pont du Gard Roman Aqueduct (Photo P. Hunt, 2015) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624998025684-RUJUJRWRV5V0NQIPHZ98/Medusa+Hermitage+2017.jpg Courses - Make it stand out Post-Roman Mosaic with Medusa, Hermitage Museum (Photo P. Hunt, 2017) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5d5867accc1a6b0001fcc197/1624998266659-97MOY13ZM7SL7XO4CRJ6/Assyrian+King.jpg Courses - Make it stand out Assurbanipal, Assyrian Emperor, Brooklyn Museum (Photo P. Hunt 2018) https://www.patrickhunt.us/stretch-stella daily 0.75 2025-05-12 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59284562a5790a6b9072d0bc/1509379106620-RVOIZ6E30WRX2AK669NV/color-6.png Stretch https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/59284562a5790a6b9072d0bc/1507841710263-NIH6WHUUL0TNH49OCEEC/test-2.png Stretch - Stretch